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Type 1 diabetes is a life-long condition where the immune system destroys part of the body (the pancreas) which makes the chemical insulin. The body needs insulin to control blood sugar levels. Treatment involves life-long insulin replacement by injection or insulin pump.
Type 1 diabetes (islet) antibodies are markers in the blood. Children with 2 or more of these type 1 antibodies have an 80-90% chance of developing type 1 diabetes within 15 years. It is almost certain that they will develop the condition in their lifetime. Children with only one of these markers have a much lower risk of developing type 1 diabetes (15%). Less is understood about the natural history of being antibody positive in adults, and we hope this study will help us understand more. It is now possible to test these markers months or years before developing type 1 diabetes.
